Associations of Escapees and Helpers

• Association of Rescuers of Allied Aviators (l’Association des sauveteurs d’Aviateurs Alliés): http://www.picardie-1939-1945.org/phpBB2new/viewtopic.php?f=31&t=1161
• Royal Air Forces Escaping Society 1945-1995:http://www.rafinfo.org.uk/rafescape/
• Royal Air Forces Escaping Society (1994) – by Sarah Long:http://www.christopherlong.co.uk/pub/rafes.html
• Royal Air Forces Escaping Society (Canadian Branch): http://www.escapeandevasionww2.com/escape_and_evasion_101.htm.  See also http://www.escapeandevasionww2.com/escape_and_evasion_102.htm for a list of members.
• WW2 Escape Lines Memorial Society [ELMS] – by Roger Stanton: http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk.  See also https://www.flickr.com/photos/escapelines/sets/.

Basque Pyrenees Escape Lines

• Basque Pyrenees Freedom Trails Association (BPFTA): https://www.bpftaww2.com/en/home/

Belgian Escape Lines

• Belgians Remember Them, The: http://www.belgians-remember-them.eu/welcome.php.  See in particular, “The Belgian Resistance and The RAF Airmen” at http://www.belgians-remember-them.eu/resistance.php.
• Comet Line: See below
• Groupe Hoornaert-Dirix: https://wwii-netherlands-escape-lines.com/other-escape-lines/group-hoornaert-dirix-2/

Canadian

• http://escapeandevasionww2.com/escape_and_evasion_002.htm.  Website about Flight Officer Richard Garrity, Royal Canadian Air Force.  Includes information about the Royal Air Forces Escaping Society Canadian Branch (http://escapeandevasionww2.com/escape_and_evasion_101.htm).
• Canadian Members of the Royal Air Forces Escaping Society who also belonged to the Air Forces Escape and Evasion Society (AFEES of the US) – see the indexes to AFEES members: A-L: https://airforceescape.org/newsletters/index-to-newsletters/index-to-airmen/ , and M-Z:  https://airforceescape.org/newsletters/index-to-newsletters/index-to-evaders-and-pows-m-z/ .

Chemin de la Liberte

• Chemin de la Liberté — Midi-Pyrénées, France: http://www.everytrail.com/view_trip.php?trip_id=1278468
• BBC News, “Pyrenees hikers remember WWII escapees,” by Edward Stourton, Nov. 12, 2011, at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15690262
• La Chemin de la Liberté: WWII escape route to Spain:http://www.ariege.com/histoire/chemin.html

Comet Line

• Association Forced Landing: http://forcedlanding.pagesperso-orange.fr/comete.htm
• Comet: http://www.praats.be/comete.htm (good collection of photos)
• Comete-Bidassoa: http://www.comete-bidassoa.com/uk_mn.htm
• Comete Kinship (see below Ligne Comete Line Remembrance)
• Comet Line Crossing of the Pyrenees: https://www.pyreneanexperience.com/comet-line-crossing-of-the-pyrenees/
• Escape Line Research and Remembrance: http://home.clara.net/clinchy/index.htm.  Click on the Comete Line heading (and other related Comete headings) in the column on the left of the page
• Last Best Hope, A True Story of Escape, Evasion, and Remembrance:http://www.pbs.org/lastbesthope/
• Le Réseau Comète: https://www.evasioncomete.be/.  This website is maintained by Philippe Connart, Michel Dricot, Edouard Reniére, and Victor Schutters.  A master list of airmen helped by the Comet Line is at https://www.evasioncomete.be/aFichesChoix.html.   To view the website’s description of that person’s experiences, click on his name.   For a more detailed list of airmen, including dates and serial numbers, click on https://www.evasioncomete.be/aListe.html.  Another useful feature of this website is their chronological list of the airmen’s crossing of the Pyrenees at https://www.evasioncomete.be/aFichesChrono.html.  It can be quite useful to know the names and stories of other airmen who shared experiences with the one you are researching.
• Les Amis de Reseau Comète (Comète au Pays Basque): http://cometepaysbasque.blogspot.fr/.  Multilingual website.  Good interactive maps.
• Ligne Comete Line Remembrance (formerly Comete Ligne Kinship): http://www.cometeline.org/
• “Secrets of the Second World War Comet Line Revealed,” Daily Telegraph, Mar. 14, 2013, news story about the Comet Line and republication of Airey Neave’s book, Little Cyclone: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/history/world-war-two/9930526/The-secrets-of-the-Second-World-War-Comet-Line-are-revealed.html.

Commemorative Organizations

• Association Forced Landing: http://forcedlanding.pagesperso-orange.fr/comete.htm

Comprehensive Websites on Escape and Evasion

• Conscript Heroes  – by Keith Janes: http://www.conscript-heroes.com/.
• Escape Line Research and Remembrance: http://home.clara.net/clinchy/index.htm
• Free Belgians: http://www.freebelgians.be/articles/articles-5-55+de-colditz-patriotic-school-london.php
• Last Best Hope, A True Story of Escape, Evasion, and Remembrance:http://www.pbs.org/lastbesthope/.  Be sure to click on the heading, “Belgian Resistance: Historic Overview,” which contains a history of the Resistance, “The Brussels Connection” by Jacques de Vos, reproduced from the book In the Footsteps of a Flying Boot.
• Netherlands Escape Lines: http://wwii-netherlands-escape-lines.com/
• The Escape Line (by Keith Morley): http://www.theescapeline.blogspot.com/
• World War II Escape and Evasion Information Exchange – by Keith Janes: http://www.conscript-heroes.com/escapelines/index.htm

Dutch-Paris Line (see also Netherlands below)

• How to Flee the Gestapo, Searching for the Dutch-Paris Escape line – by Megan Koreman: http://dutchparisblog.com/.  See also a 44-minute documentary on Dutch-Paris, “Way to Freedom (Weg naar de Vrijheid – Meer dan 1080)” at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x96V6SiqMlc.    Produced in 1967 by Dick Verkijk, it includes interviews with members of the line.  Although it is in Dutch, there are English subtitles.)
• Weidner Foundation: http://weidnerfoundation.org/en/index.php/archives/
• Interview with Megan Koreman on YouTube at: https://www.google.com/search?q=%22the+dutch+paris+escape+line%22&rlz=1C1GCEA_enUS862US862&oq=%22the+dutch+paris+escape+line%22&aqs=chrome..69i57.3120j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:f01379a5,vid:3vWmwfHMb7o

Engelandvaarders

The Engelandvaarders were the Dutch patriots who wanted to get to England to continue the fight against the Nazis.  Many lost their lives in the process.  Here are some links on the subject:

• Engelandvaarder 2011: http://northsea.moonfruit.com/#.  A commemoration of an incredible crossing of the North Sea by kayak.
• Genootschap Engelandvaarders (Engelandvaarders Society): http://www.engelandvaarders1940-1945.nl/cms/welkom/wie-of-wat/
• Long Journey Home: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyoMa70i7tg.   About Willem Hamminga’s round the world trip to reach England and fly against the Germans.
• Onderzoeksgids Oorlogsgetroffenen WO2: http://www.oorlogsgetroffenen.nl/archiefvormer/Stichting_Genootschap_Engelandvaarders
• RAF Rescue of Engelandvaarders: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeSOHQLQh-U&feature=related

Escape Aids

• Escape and Evasion Material for Allied Airmen: http://evasioncomete.org/TxtAids2.html
• Escape Compasses (Compassipedia, the Online Compass Museum): http://www.compassmuseum.com/esc/esc.htm
• Escape Maps and Escape Aids from World War II: http://www.delicious.com/stacks/view/GZAE1G
• Fort Hunt, MIS-X, care packages for American POWs:http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93640350
• Hall, Debbie, British Library Map Library, “Wall Tiles and Free Parking: Escape and Evasion Maps of World War II,”: http://www.mapforum.com/04/escape.htm
• Royal Air Force Museum Navigator Online Collection: http://navigator.rafmuseum.org/ (Photos and descriptions of some 48 different RAF WWII escape aids.)

Escape Research Sources

• 100^th Bomb Group (Heavy) – E&E Introduction – by Michael LeBlanc:  https://100thbg.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=97&Itemid=207
• Escape and Evasion Reports Online at National Archives II:http://www.archives.gov/research/arc/
• Belgium World War II Information – Escape Line Research and Remembrance – by John Clinch: http://home.clara.net/clinchy/.  Go to the column on the left of the page and click on the link, “Researching WW2 Escape and Evasion.”
• FindMyAncestors: http://www.findmypast.co.uk/search/military/wwii/wwii-escapers.  This is a commercial genealogical website that offers escape and evasion reports for a fee.
• French National Railways (SNCB) files on contacts with Air Force crews in the area east of Paris: http://www.archives-historiques.sncf.fr/pdf/0414LM0006-002.pdf.  (It is slow to load.)
• Rossiter, Margaret L., “Women in the Resistance” Papers 1974-1998, Special Collections Library, University of Michigan:http://quod.lib.umich.edu/s/sclead/

Escape Stories

• Airman in the Tower, The (about Australian pilot Kevin Winston McSweeney): https://outbackandbeyond.wordpress.com/2015/06/28/the-airman-in-the-tower-my-experience/
• Baker  Crew, The – by Co de Swart: http://www.aircrewremembered.com/gallery/index.php?/category/6
• Bud Owens – documentary of his story, fundraising in progress: http://budowens.blogspot.com/p/bud-owens.html.
• Garrity, Flight Officer Richard: http://www.escapeandevasionww2.com/escape_and_evasion_002.htm
• Garrity, Richard, RCAF Escape and Evasion 1944: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=niW9NfgMrKU
• Geyer Crew, The – by Co de Swart: http://www.aircrewremembered.com/gallery/index.php?/category/5
• Independence Day 4 July 1943: http://www.ansa39-45.fr/independencedayenglish.htm.
• Justice, John K. “Jack,” The Raid on Munster, Germany, Oct. 10, 1943: My Escape from German Occupied Europe: https://100thbg.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=275:munster-raid-by-john-justice&catid=25&Itemid=581.
• Shot in Cold Bloot-Part 1 (by Fred Carter): http://na514.wordpress.com/2012/11/07/this-story-sho/
• Squadron Leader John Mott (Daily Telegraph obituary): http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1395847/Squadron-Leader-John-Mott.html
• Stalag Luft III, The Great Escape: http://www.b24.net/pow/greatescape.htm
• The Great Escape: https://www.b24.net/powGreatescape.htm
• Tomb of Napoleon (le tombeau d napoléon) used as hiding place for Allied airmen: http://occupation-39-45.blogspot.com/2015/05/invalides-aviateurs.html
• William Ash: The Cooler King: http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34058540; William Ash Obituary: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/10799031/William-Ash-obituary.html; Pauline LeCam, Ash helper: http://www.resistance62.net/Le%20Cam%20Pauline.pdf

France

• American Memorial Association of Saint-Nazaire (Association du Mémorial Américain de Saint-Nazaire), 8th USAAF Aircraft Downed in France, 1942-1945: http://www.saintnazaire-associations.org/annuaire/associations/association-du-memorial-americain-de-saint-nazaire/
• Anonymes, Justes et persécutés durant la période nazie dans les communes de France (Anonymous, righteous and persecuted during the Nazi period in the communes of France): http://www.ajpn.org/
• Association l’Alliance (Alliance Network): http://www.reseaualliance.org/
• Association of Rescuers of Allied Airmen (Association des Sauveteurs d’Aviateurs Alliés, or ASAA): http://asaapicardie3945.fr/index.php
• Basque Freedom Trails Association: See both http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk/?tribe_events=basque-freedom-trail-2016 and http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Registration-form-BFTA-19-20-August-2016-ENGLISH.pdf .  This association is also listed under Spain.
• December 31, 1943 8th AF mission over southwest France: https://airforceescape.org/december-31-1943-bombing-mission-southwest-france/
• France – Crashes 39-45: https://francecrashes39-45.net/index.php#.  See also their page of links at https://francecrashes39-45.net/page_liens.php.
• French Helpers: http://frenchhelpers.fr/
• French Helper Database: https://wwii-netherlands-escape-lines.com/helpers-of-allied-airmen/french-helper-list/french-helper-database/
• French Helpers by Geographical Location: http://www.aide-aviateurs-allies-ww2.fr/
• L’Aviation En Bretagne, 1939-1945: https://www.absa3945.com/.  See in particular, “The aviation in Brittany and Pays de Loire in 1939-1945”: http://absa3945.e-monsite.com/.
• Occupation 39-45 Blogspot: http://occupation-39-45.blogspot.com/
• Resistance Francaise Blogspot: http://resistancefrancaise.blogspot.fr/2017/01/446th-bg-b-24-crash-near-marcillac-on.html

Freteval Forest

• Forest of Hidden Men (Royal Air Forces Escaping Society, 1945-1995): http://www.rafinfo.org.uk/rafescape/freteval/
• Freteval Forest Evaders: http://www.hilaroad.com/RCAF/freteval/freteval.html
• Freteval Forest (ELMS website): http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk/escapers-evaders/freteval-forest/
• Freteval Forest Evaders Camp (419 Squadron RCAF): http://www.419squadronbewarethemoose.com/Freteval.html

Italian Escape Routes

• A PoW Escape Goes Wrong in Italy: http://ww2today.com/30th-september-1943-a-pow-escape-goes-wrong-in-italy
• Malcolm Tudor Books on WWII Italy: http://www.emiliapublishing.com/.  Mr. Tudor’s books include: Prisoners and Partisans, Escape and Evasion in World War II Italy; Escape from Italy, 1943-1945, Allied Escapers and Helpers in Fascist Italy; British Prisoners of War in Italy, Paths to Freedom; SOE in Italy, 1940-1945; and Beyond the Wire, A True Story of Allied POWs in Italy, 1943-1945.
• Monte San Martino Trust: http://www.msmtrust.org.uk/escape-stories/.   To see their 2015 annual report, go to http://www.msmtrust.org.uk/annual-reports/2015-annual-report/
• POW Camps in Italy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_Italy
• PoW Escape Routes in Italy 1943/44 by Roger Stanton: http://www.yewtreehouse.org/LUSIGNANA/PDF_files/WWII/Escape%20Routes%20Italy%201943.pdf
• The Freedom Trails (by author Brian Lett): http://www.brianlettauthor.com/trails.php.  Focuses on the Rossano valley in northern Tuscany.
• Victoria University of Wellington: Prisoners of War, II: The War in Italy and Escapes to Allied Lines: http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2Pris-_N98583.html

Lectures on Escape and Evasion

• AFEES Escape and Evasion Lecture, May, 2019 Reunion, by Lynn David.
• “For you Tommy the war is over”.  Not necessarily so. Escape and Evasion in Europe, by Peter H. Liddle.  First presented at Harewood House, 9th October 2007: http://www.war-experience.org/history/keyaspects/escapeevasion/default.asp

MI9/IS9 and MIS-X

• A Husband’s Most Secret War in MI9 IS9: http://www.mi9-is9.com/index.html
• Breaking the Silence of a Secret POW Camp: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93635950
• Camp 59 Survivors: http://camp59survivors.wordpress.com/ (contains IS9 History)
• IS9 Historical Report: http://www.arcre.com/archive/mi9/is9#VI
• MI9 (Wikipedia article): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MI9
• MIS-X Manual on Evasion, Escape, and Survival: http://wwii-netherlands-escape-lines.com/govt-reports/m-i-s-x-manual-on-evasion-escape-and-survival/
• MIS-X: Secret Escape Aids for American POWs: http://wwii-netherlands-escape-lines.com/escape-and-evasion-topics/escape-aids/mis-x-secret-aid-to-pows-at-ft-hunt/
• MIS-X: The U.S. Escape and Evasion Experts, National Museum of the U.S. Air Force: http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=14587
• P.O. Box 1142: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._O._Box_1142

Netherlands (see also Dutch-Paris above)

• Wings to Victory: https://www.wingstovictory.nl/Wings_to_Victory.  Remembers Allied airmen in Zeeland (southwestern Netherlands).  See also  their database, containing information on 600 Allied crashes in that area at https://db.wingstovictory.nl/.

Operation Marathon

• Operation Marathon, Sherwood:http://www.rafinfo.org.uk/rafescape/freteval/freteval_fp.htm
• Wikipedia article:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Marathon_(World_War_II)

Pat O’Leary (PAT) Line

• Long, Christopher – personal website (contains information about the Pat Line) :http://www.christopherlong.co.uk/
• Pat O’Leary Line (part of the Conscript Heroes website): http://www.conscript-heroes.com/Pat-Line.html

Personal Narratives

• He Who Dares Wins, Across the Pyrenees to Freedom, Diary of Chanan (Hans) Flörsheim, 1923-1944.  English translation:http://www.hassia-judaica.de/Lebenswege/English/Floersheim_Hans_Chanan_English/ChananFloersheim_He_Who_Dares_Wins.pdf  German edition: http://www.hassia-judaica.de/Lebenswege/Deutsch/Floersheim_Hans_Chanan/Chanan_Floersheim_ebook.pdf
• The Airman’s Story: Douglas Jennings: http://noviomagus.tripod.com/doug_jennings.htm

Possum Line

• Possum Line: http://www.possumline.net/.  Once you open the website, click on the “Escapers & Evaders” heading to get a page where you can search by the airman’s name, SPG no., or E&E no.  When you select an airman’s name from the drop-down menu, the screen immediately displays all the information on that airman.  See, for example, that of Val Johnson at http://www.possumline.net/EscapersAndEvaders/OtherEandE/JohnsonReport.htm.  (His son, Ralph Johnson, at tchilon at hotmail.com has news stories about Val as well as his father’s Caterpillar Club pin.)
• Possum Line (French language): http://www.crdp-reims.fr/memoire/enseigner/memoire_reseaux/menu_reseaux.htm

Prisoners of War

• The Buchenwald Airmen: https://www.buchenwaldairmen.info/

Shelburn Line

• Shelburn Line (from Conscript Heroes): http://www.conscript-heroes.com/Art36-ShelburnEvaders.html.  See also http://www.conscript-heroes.com/Art44-Brittany-Shelburne.html.  Also see: http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk/escapelines/shelburn/.

Slovenia

• Raid at Ozbalt (rescue by Slovenian Partisans): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raid_at_St_Lorenzen
• “The Crow’s Flight” – A New Trail in Slovenia: http://www.ww2escapelines.co.uk/?page_id=1075

Tributes to Helpers of Escapees

•  A Tribute to a Belgian War Heroine, Marthe E. Janssen-Leyder: http://noviomagus.tripod.com/tribute.htm
• Évasions par Mer de Carantec (Escapes by Sea Carantec): http://evasions.par.mer.carantec.filiere.sibiril.over-blog.com/.  See also the website of the Musée Maritime of Carantec, France which focuses on the evasion work of Ernest Sibiril: http://www.ville-carantec.com/carantec/principal/station-touristique/animations-loisirs/loisirs-culturels/musee-maritime.
• Jack Edward Gibbs Memorial Tribute: http://www.teunispats.nl/jack-edward-gibbs.htm.
• Jean-Marc Tanguy on Georges Morin: http://lemamouth.blogspot.com/2012/02/invalides-2-en-memoire-de-georges-morin.html.  (Georges Morin, while working at the Invalides, a hospital in Paris during WWII, is credited with hiding 130 Allied airmen.)

U.S. Air Force

• Army Air Corps Library and Museum: https://www.armyaircorpsmuseum.org/
• U.S Air Force Survival, Evasion, Resistance, Escape (SERE): http://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/survival-evasion-resistance-and-escape-sere/
• American Air Museum in Britain: http://www.americanairmuseum.com/

Miscellaneous

• Escape Line Blogspot: https://theescapeline.blogspot.com/
• Evasion Networks During the Second World War – by Noemí Riudor Garcia:http://evasionnetworks.blogspot.com/
• Memoire & Database: https://www.database-memoire.eu/prive/en-us/

• New book: Froom, Phil, Evasion and Escape Devices Produced by MI9, MIS-X, and SOE in World War II,  Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, expected date of publication June 2015.  For the publisher’s page about the book, click here.